The Herbal Database
A Listing of Herbs & Spices and Medicinal Plants & Some Clues To Their Ethnobotany, © 1998+ by George Wooten
Contents of the Herbal database
Index to the Herbal Database
The following index lists common and Latin synonyms for the Herbal Database. This index contains alternate synonyms not used as the key field for the Herbal Database, but does not repeat the names given there. Genera with multiple species referrences are abbreviated sp. Different plants with identical synonyms are both given, separated by semicolons.
- Acacia sp.: Acacia
- Acanthea virilis: Muira Pauma
- Achillea millefolium: Yarrow
- Acorus calamus: Calamus
- Adam Red: Bergamot
- Aframomum melegueta: Grains of Paradise
- Agastache sp.: Hyssop
- Agathosma sp.: Buchu
- Agrimonia eupatoria: Agrimony
- Alchemilla vulgaris: Lady's Mantle
- Alehoof: Gill-Over-The-Ground
- Alligator Pepper: Grains of Paradise
- Allium sp.: Garlic; Onion; Chives
- Aloysia triphylla: Verbena, Lemon
- Alpinia sp.: Galangal
- Alstonia scholaris: Dita
- Althea officinalis: Marshmallow
- Ambrette: Abelmosk
- Ambrosia: Wormseed
- American Storax: Storax
- Andropogon citratum: Lemon Grass
- Andropogon muricatus: Khus Khus
- Andropogon muricatus: Khus-Khus
- Anethum graveolens: Dill
- Angostura febrifuga: Angostura
- Anthemis nobilis: Chamomile, Roman
- Anthriscus cerefolium: Chervil
- Apis mellifera: Pollen
- Apium graveolens: Celery
- Apocynum cannabinum: Jaborandi
- Aralia sp.: Spikenard, American
- Archangel Root: Angelica
- Arctium lappa: Burdock
- Arctostaphylos uva-ursi: Kinnickinnick
- Areca catechu: Betel Nuts
- Argemone mexicana: Prickly Poppy
- Argyreia sp.: Morning Glory
- Argyriea nervosa: Morning Glory
- Aristolochia serpentaria: Snakeroot, Virginia
- Armoracia sp.: Horseradish
- Artemesia absinthium: Wormwood
- Artemesia dracunculus: Tarragon
- Artemesia dracunculoides: Tarragon
- Artemisia abrotanum: Lad's Love
- Artemisia dracunculoides: Tarragon
- Artemisia vulgaris: Mugwort
- Asarum sp.: Ginger, Wild
- Asperula odorata: Woodruff, Sweet
- Atropa belladonna: Belladonna
- Avena sativa: Oat Straw
- Azadirachta indica: Neem
- Bachelor's Buttons: Centuary
- Balm: Lemon Balm; Balm-of-Gilead; Bergamot
- Baptisia tinctoria: Indigo, Wild
- Barosma betulina: Buchu
- Basswood: Linden
- Bearberry: Kinnickinnick
- Bee Balm: Bergamot
- Bee fodder: Borage
- Berberis vulgaris: Barberry
- Bethroot: Birthroot
- Betula lenta: Birch
- Bible Leaf: Costmary
- Bissy: Cola Nuts
- Bixa orellana: Anatto
- Black Indian Hemp: Jaborandi
- Blue Flag: Iris
- Bluebottle: Centuary
- Borago officinalis: Borage
- Boswellia carteri: Frankincense
- Brassica sp.: Mustard
- Burrage: Borage
- Button Snake Root: Water Eryngo
- Cacao: Cocoa
- Calendula officinalis: Calendula
- Calycanthus floridus: Allspice, Carolina
- Camellia sinensis: Tea
- Canadian Hemp: Jaborandi
- Cannabis sativa: Ganja
- Capparis spinosa: Capers
- Capsicum sp.: Pepper, Red
- Carrageenan: Irish Moss
- Carthamus tinctorius: Safflower
- Carum carvi: Caraway
- Caryophyllus aromaticus: Cloves
- Cassia sp.: Senna
- Catarrh Root: Galangal
- Catha edulis: Khat
- Caulophyllum thalictroides: Cohosh, Blue
- Cayenne: Pepper, Red
- Camellia sinensis: Tea
- Centaurium sp.: Centaury
- Centella asiatica: Gotu-Kola
- Ceratonis siliqua: Carob
- Chamaelirium luteum: False Unicorn
- Chamaemelum nobile: Chamomile, Roman
- Chamalirium luteum: False Unicorn
- Checkerberry: Squaw Vine; Teaberry
- Chenopodium sp.: Wormseed, Epazote
- Cherry: Wild Cherry
- Chimaphila sp.: Prince's Pine
- Chinese Parsley: Coriander
- Chocolate: Cocoa
- Chondrus crispus: Irish Moss
- Chrysanthemum balsamita: Costmary
- Chrysanthemum coronarium: Chrysanthemum, Edible
- Chrysanthemum parthenium: Feverfew
- Chuchupate: Osha
- Cichorium intybus: Chicory
- Cimifuga racemosa: Cohosh, Black
- Cinnamomum camphora: Camphor
- Cinnamomum zeylanicum: Cinnamon
- Clover: Clover, Red
- Cocculus palmatus: Calumba
- Coffea arabica: Coffee
- Cola sp.: Cola Nuts
- Collinsonia canadensis: Horse Mint
- Columbo: Calumba
- Commiphora myrra: Myrrh
- Cone Flower: Echinaceae
- Convallaria multiflora: Solomon's Seal
- Coptis sp.: Goldthread
- Coriandrum sativum: Coriander; Cilantro
- Coumarouna odorata: Tonka Bean
- Crataegus sp.: Hawthorn
- Crazyweed: Astragalus
- Crocus sativus: Saffron, Indian
- Cucurbita pepo: Pumpkin
- Cuminum cyminum: Cumin
- Cunila origanoides: Dittany, Maryland
- Curcuma sp.: Turmeric
- Cus Cus: Khus Khus
- Cuscuta sp.: Love Vine
- Cyani: Centuary
- Cydonia vulgaris: Quince
- Cymbopogon citratus: Lemon Grass
- Cymbopogon nardus: Citronella
- Cyperus esculentus: Chufa
- Cyprepedium sp.: Lady's Slipper
- Daemonorops draco: Dragon's Blood
- Daucus carota: Carrot
- Dent de Lion: Dandelion
- Devil Tree: Dita
- Devil's Claw: Arthritis Root
- Devil's Dung: Asafoetida
- Diosma ericoides: Buchu
- Dittany: Dittany, Maryland; Dittany of Crete
- Dodder: Love Vine
- Dong Quai: Angelica
- Echinacea sp.: Echinacea
- Echites scholaris: Dita
- Elettaria cardamomun: Cardamon
- Endive: Chicory
- Ephedra sp.: Ma-Huang; Mormon Tea
- Equisetum sp.: Horsetail
- Eriodictyon californicum: Yerba de Santa
- Eryngium sp.: Water Eryngo; Sea Holly
- Eryngo: Water Eryngo; Sea Holly
- Erythraea centaurium: Centaury
- Eschscholtzia californica: California Poppy
- Eucalyptus globulus: Eucalyptus
- Eupatorium perfoliatum: Boneset
- Eupatorium purpureum: Gravel Root
- Euphrasia officinalis: Eyebright
- Ferula assa-foetida: Asafoetida
- Fo Ti Root: Fleeceflower
- Fo Ti Tieng: Gotu-Kola
- Foeniculum vulgare: Fennel
- Food of the Gods: Asafoetida
- Fragaria sp.: Strawberry
- Fucus sp.: Kelp
- Galipea officinalis: Angostura
- Garden Heliotrope: Valerian
- Gaultheria procumbens: Teaberry
- Gentiana lutea: Gentian
- German Chamomile: Chamomile, German
- Ginkgo biloba: Ginkgo
- Glechoma hederacea: Gill-Over-The-Ground
- Glycyrrhiza glabra: Licorice
- Gnaphalium polycephalum: Life Everlasting
- Goldenrod: Goldenrod, Sweet
- Goosefoot: Wormseed
- Grapple plant: Arthritis root
- Great Flannel Mullein: Mullein
- Ground Ivy: Gill-Over-The-Ground
- Guinea Grains: Grains of Paradise
- Gum Arabic: Acacia
- Gum Tragacanth: Astragalus
- Hammamelis virginiana: Witch Hazel
- Hardrock: Horse Mint
- Harpagophytum procumbens: Arthritis Root
- Hedge Maids: Gill-Over-The-Ground
- Heirochloa odorata: Vanilla Grass
- Helonias sp.: False Unicorn
- Hemp: Ganja
- Herb of Gladness: Borage
- Herb of Grace: Rue
- Hibiscus sp.: Abelmosk; Hibiscus
- Ho Shou Wu: Fleeceflower
- Holy Grass: Vanilla Grass
- Hop Marjoram: Dittany of Crete
- Horse Balm: Horse Mint
- Humulus lupulus: Hops
- Hydrangea arborensis: Hydrangea
- Hydrastis canadensis: Goldenseal
- Hydrocotyle asiatica: Gotu-Kola
- Hypericum perforatum: Saint John's Wort
- Hyssopus officinalis: Hyssop
- Ilex paraguaiensis: Yerba de Mate
- Illicium verum: Star Anise
- Indian Physic: Jaborandi
- Indian Tobacco: Lobelia; Mullein
- Inula helenium: Elecampane
- Ipomoea purga: Jalap
- Ipomoea violacea: Morning Glory
- Iris X florentina: Iris
- Jasminum officinale: Jasmine
- Jateorrhiza palmata: Calumba
- Joe Pye Weed: Gravel Root
- Juniperus communis: Juniper
- Kaempferia galanga: Galangal
- Kalumb: Calumba
- Lactuca sp.: Lettuce, Wild
- Laminaria sp.: Kelp
- Larrea sp.: Chapparal
- Laurel: Bay Leaf
- Laurus nobilis: Bay Leaf
- Lavandula sp.: Lavender
- Lawsonia sp.: Henna
- Ledum sp.: Labrador Tea
- Lemon: Citrus
- Leonurus cardiaca: Motherwort
- Leopard's Bane: Arnica
- Leptospermum sp.: Tea Tree
- Lettuce: Lettuce, Wild
- Levisticum officinale: Lovage
- Ligusticum levisticum: Lovage
- Ligusticum porteri: Osha
- Lime Tree: Linden
- Lindera benzoin: Spicebush
- Linseed: Flax
- Linum sp.: Flax
- Lion's Tooth: Dandelion
- Lippia citriodora: Verbena, Lemon
- Liquidambar styraciflua: Storax
- Liriosma ovata: Muira Pauma
- Lobelia inflata: Lobelia
- Locoweed: Astragalus
- Lousewort: Betony
- Mace: Nutmeg
- Macrosytica sp.: Kelp
- Magnolia glauca: Magnolia
- Maidenhair tree: Ginkgo
- Maraba: Galangal
- Maranta arundinacea: Arrowroot
- Margosa: Neem
- Marigold: Calendula
- Marijuana: Ganja
- Marrubium vulgare: Horehound
- Maryjane: Ganja
- Maryland Dittany: Dittany, Maryland
- Master Of The Woods: Woodruff, Sweet
- Matricaria chamomilla: Chamomile, German
- Medicago sativa: Alfalfa
- Melia azadirachta: Neem
- Melissa officinalis: Lemon Balm
- Mentha piperita: Peppermint
- Mentha pulegium: Pennyroyal
- Mentha viridis: Spearmint
- Milfoil: Yarrow
- Mimosa pudica: Sensitive Plant
- Mitchella repens: Squaw Vine
- Momordica balsamina: Balsam-Apple
- Monarda sp.: Bergamot
- Moth Herb: Labrador Tea
- Mother of Thyme: Serpolet
- Mountain Balm: Bergamot
- Mugwort: Mugwort, Tarragon
- Muskseed: Abelmosk
- Myrica sp.: Bayberry
- Myristica fragrans: Nutmeg
- Myrrhis odorata: Sweet Cicely
- Myrtle: Bayberry
- Myrtus communis: Myrtle
- Nard: Spikenard
- Nelumbo sp.: Lotus
- Nepeta cataria: Catnip
- Nicotiana sp.: Tobacco
- Nim: Neem
- Ocimum sp.: Basil, Sweet
- Oenothera biennis: Evening Primrose
- Old Man: Lad's Love
- Old Man's Root: Spikenard
- Olibanum: Frankincense
- Oplopanax horridus: Devil's Club
- Orange: Citrus
- Origanum sp.: Oregano; Marjoram; Dittany of Crete
- Orris: Iris
- Osmorrhiza sp.: Sweet Cecily
- Oswego Tea: Bergamot
- Panax ginseng: Ginseng
- Papaver somniferum: Poppy
- Paraguay Tea: Yerba de Mate
- Partridge Berry: Squaw Vine
- Passiflora sp.: Passion Flower
- Paulinia cupana: Guarana
- Pedalium murex: Burra Gokeroo
- Peganum harmala: Rue, Syrian
- Pelargonium odoratissimum: Geranium, Scented
- Perilla frutescens: Shiso
- Petroselinum crispum: Parsley
- Peumus boldus: Boldo
- Phoradendron flavescens: Mistletoe
- Pimenta officinalis: Allspice
- Pimpinella anisum: Anise
- Piper angustifolium: Matico
- Piper cubeba: Cubeb
- Piper methysticum: Kava-kava
- Piper nigrum: Peppercorns
- Pipsissewa: Prince's Pine
- Plankton: Spirulina
- Plantago lanceolata: Plantain, Narrow
- Plantago ovata: Psillium
- Pogostemon cablin: Patchouli
- Polygala senega: Snakeroot, Seneca
- Polygonum multiflorum: Fleeceflower
- Populus sp.: Balm-of-Gilead
- Pot: Ganja
- Pot Marigold: Calendula
- Poterium sanguisorba: Burnet, Salad
- Prunus serotina: Cherry, Wild
- Purple coneflower: Echinacea
- Pyrethrum parthenium: Feverfew
- Quararibea funebris: Maha
- Quassia: Senna
- Queen of the Meadow: Gravel Root
- Rattle Root: Cohosh, Black
- Rattlebush: Wild Indigo
- Rauwolfia serpentina: Snakeroot, Indian
- Red Bee Balm: Bergamot
- Reefer: Ganja
- Rhamnus purshiana: Cascara sagrada
- Rheum sp.: Rhubarb
- Rhus sp.: Sumac
- Ricinus communis: Castor Bean
- Roman Chamomile: Chamomile, Roman
- Rosa sp.: Rose
- Rose Geranium: Geranium
- Rosmarinus officinalis: Rosemary
- Rubia tinctorum: Madder
- Rubus sp.: Raspberry
- Ruta graveolens: Rue
- S. columbariae: Chia
- Salix sp.: Willow, White
- Salvia hispanica: Chia
- Salvia officinalis: Sage, Garden
- Sambucus sp.: Elderberry
- Sang: Ginseng
- Sanguinaria canadensis: Bloodroot
- Sanguisorba officinalis: Burnet, Salad
- Santalum album: Sandalwood
- Sarcocolla Gum: Astragalus
- Sarenea serrulata: Saw Palmetto
- Sargassum sp.: Kelp
- Sassafrass albidum: Sassafrass
- Satureja hortensis: Savory, Summer
- Satureja montana: Savory, Winter
- Scabwort: Elecampane
- Scullcap: Skullcap
- Scutellaria lateriflora: Skullcap
- Seneca: Snakeroot, Seneca
- Senega: Snakeroot, Seneca
- Serenoa sp.: Saw Palmetto
- Serpentaria: Snake Root, Virginia
- Sesamum sp.: Sesame
- Seven Barks: Hydrangea
- Shoo Koo: Fleeceflower
- Shungiku: Chrysanthemum, Edible
- Smilax sp.: Sarsaparilla
- Snakeroot: Echinacea; Calamus; Ginger, Wild
- Solidago odora: Goldenrod, Sweet
- Southernwood: Lad's Love
- Spigelia marilandica: Pink Root
- Spignet: Spikenard
- Squaw Bush: Cramp Bark
- Squaw Root: Cohosh, Blue
- Stachys officinalis: Betony
- Starweed: Chickweed
- Starwort: Chickweed
- Stellaria sp.: Chickweed
- Stevia rebaudiana: Stevia
- Stone Mint: Horse Mint
- Stone Root: Horse Mint; Dittany, Maryland
- Strychnos nux-vomica: Strychnine
- Styrax: Storax
- Sweet Flag: Calamus
- Sweet Gum: Storax
- Sweet Magnolia: Magnolia
- Sweet Rush: Calamus
- Sweet Weed: Marshmallow
- Symphytum officinale: Comfrey
- Syzygium aromaticum: Cloves
- Tailed Pepper: Cubeb
- Tamarindus indica: Tamarind
- Tanacetum vulgare: Tansy
- Tang Kuei: Angelica
- Taraxacum officinale: Dandelion
- Thea sinensis: Tea
- Theobroma cacao: Cocoa
- Thoroughwort: Boneset
- Thymus serpyphyllum: Serpolet
- Thymus vulgaris: Thyme
- Tilia sp.: Linden
- Traganth Gum: Astragalus
- Trifolium pratense: Clover, Red
- Trigonella foenum-graecum: Fenugreek
- Trillium pendulum: Birthroot
- Tunhoof: Gill-Over-The-Ground
- Turnera sp.: Damiana
- Tussilago farfara: Coltsfoot
- Ulmus fulva: Slippery Elm
- Urtica dioica: Nettles
- Uva Ursi: Kinnickinnick
- Valeriana officinalis: Valerian
- Vanilla planifolia: Vanilla
- Velvet Dock: Mullein
- Verbascum thapsus: Mullein
- Verbena: Verbena, Lemon; Vervain
- Verbena officinalis: Vervain
- Veronica officinalis: Speedwell
- Vetiveria zizanioides: Khus-Khus
- Vetivert: Khus-Khus
- Viburnum opulus: Cramp Bark
- Viola sp.: Violet, Sweet
- Wake Robin: Birthroot
- Wasabi japonica: Wasabi
- Water Eryngo: Sea Holly
- White Bay: Magnolia
- Wild Senna: Senna
- Wiltharia somnifera: Kuthmithi
- Wintergreen: Teaberry
- Wolf's Bane: Arnica; Aconite
- Wood Betony: Betony
- Woodruff: Sweet Woodruff
- Xanthoxyllum americanum: Prickly Ash
- Yellow Root: Gold Thread
- Zanthoxylum sp.: Prickly Ash
- Zingiber officinale: Ginger
- Ziziphus (Zizyphus) jujuba: Jujube